Johannnesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development

Johannesburg Declaration

World summit on Sustainable Development was organized in South Africa in 2002. Sadly it was not attended by USA president George Bush. There was conservative government in USA at that time and move of president was appreciated by conservatives. Why? 

The declaration admits certain challenge for sustainable development. It then goes on to discuss how we can deal with those challenges. It also stresses the importance of multilateralism.

Challenges

Below are some of the challenges mentioned in Declaration





How to handle these challenges?

  1. Use of diversity : declaration states that diversity will be used to as strength for common goal of humans around the world.
  2. Dialogue, partnership, cooperation  is the key despite the differences in religion, culture, language etc to achieve the common goal
  3. Access to basic necessities such as clean air, sanitation, shelter, health care, food security will be increased for poor. Financial resource aid for developing countries, usage of technology will help in the development
  4. Declaration also provides for end to an world problems like chronic hunger, malnutrition, foreign occupation, armed conflict, illicit drug problems, organized crime, corruption, natural disaster, illicit arms transfer, human trafficking, intolerance,xenophobia, diseases like HIV etc
  5. Declaration states that woman empowerment, gender equality is important for encompassing development
  6. Declaration admits that world have enough resources to tackle the problems. It reiterate the need to use those resource for human development.
  7. Declaration urged the developed countries for more help.
  8. Declaration also pitch for regional grouping, SCO, African association to promote regional co-operation
  9. Declaration also pitch for support to small island, small states and Least developed countries
  10. Declaration states the importance of indigenous people in tackling the problem of sustainable development.
  11. Declaration states the sustainable development requires long term prospective. It states that efforts has to made at every level including policy formulation, decision making and implementation
  12. Declaration identifies the role of private sector. Small and big corporation has to contribute for equitable societies and communities
  13. Declaration provides for assistance to generate employment.
  14. Declaration asks for corporate to be accountable for their action.
  15. Declaration states that proper implementation of Agenda 21, millennial development goals should be implemented effectively.

Focus on Multilateralism 

 Multilateralism means participation by many. Specially many governments.

Declaration encourages multilateralism.  It has below provision in this regard

  1. To achieve the goal of sustainable development, declaration states the need of more effective and accountable multilateral and international institutions.
  2. Declaration also stresses importance of United Nations to achieve the goal.
  3. It also states that progress should be monitored at regular interval for the objectives set in this declaration.

Conclusion

The Johannesburg Declaration builds on earlier declarations made at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment at Stockholm in 1972, and the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. While committing the nations of the world to sustainable development, it also includes substantial mention of multilateralism as the path forward.  





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